@article {19,
	title = {Preparation and in vitro synergistic anticancer effect of vitamin K3 and 1,8-diazabicyclo[5,4,0]undec-7-ene in poly(ethylene glycol)-diacyllipid micelles.},
	journal = {Int J Pharm},
	volume = {272},
	year = {2004},
	month = {2004 Mar 19},
	pages = {129-35},
	abstract = {<p>Polymeric micelles consisting of poly(ethylene glycol)-distearoyl phosphoethanolamine conjugates (PEG-DSPE) loaded with Vitamin K3 (VK3) to 0.2 mg of drug/mg of carrier and with 1,8-diazabicyclo[5,4,0]undec-7-ene (DBU) to 0.06 mg of drug/mg of carrier were prepared. These micelles were stable for as long as 6 months during storage at 4 degrees C and did not change their size or release the incorporated drugs. Co-encapsulation of VK3 and DBU into PEG-DSPE micelles resulted in synergistic anticancer effects against both murine and human cancer cells in vitro. The synergism may be explained by the fact that the presence of DBU promotes the escape of drug-loaded micelles from the endosomes of cancer cells directly into the cytoplasm as demonstrated by fluorescent microscopy.</p>},
	keywords = {Animals, Antineoplastic Agents, Bicyclo Compounds, Heterocyclic, Cell Line, Tumor, Drug Combinations, Drug Stability, Drug Synergism, Female, Humans, Mice, Micelles, Microscopy, Fluorescence, Particle Size, Phosphatidylethanolamines, Polyethylene Glycols, Tumor Cells, Cultured, Vitamin K 3},
	issn = {0378-5173},
	doi = {10.1016/j.ijpharm.2003.12.011},
	author = {Wang, Junping and Mongayt, Dmitriy A and Lukyanov, Anatoly N and Levchenko, Tatiana S and Torchilin, Vladimir P}
}
@article {28,
	title = {Liposome clearance in mice: the effect of a separate and combined presence of surface charge and polymer coating.},
	journal = {Int J Pharm},
	volume = {240},
	year = {2002},
	month = {2002 Jun 20},
	pages = {95-102},
	abstract = {<p>The purpose of our work was to compare the biodistribution of liposomes with different surface properties. Phosphatidylcholine (PC)/cholesterol (Chol) liposomes were prepared containing 6\% mol of a charged lipid (stearylamine, SA; phosphatidic acid, PA; or phosphatidyl serine, PS) and/or polyethylene glycol (PEG)-PE of different MW (750 and 5000). zeta-Potentials and liposome clearance in mice were investigated. In vitro, the attachment of PEG in a similar fashion neutralizes the effect of any charged component. In vivo, the chemical nature of a charged lipid becomes important. Both short PEG750 and longer PEG5000 inhibit the clearance of positively charged SA-liposomes, while only longer PEG5000 inhibits the clearance of negatively charged PA-liposomes and none of the PEGs inhibit the clearance of negatively charged PS-liposomes. The opsonins with different molecular size may be involved in the clearance of liposomes containing different charged lipids.</p>},
	keywords = {Animals, Electrochemistry, Liposomes, Liver, Metabolic Clearance Rate, Mice, Particle Size, Polyethylene Glycols, Surface Properties, Tissue Distribution},
	issn = {0378-5173},
	author = {Levchenko, Tatiana S and Rammohan, Ram and Lukyanov, Anatoly N and Whiteman, Kathleen R and Torchilin, Vladimir P}
}
